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       RUNES - THE ELDER FUTHARK 
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| PICTURE | NAME | LETTER | MEANING | SYMBOLIC MEANINGS AND ASSOCIATIONS | 
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      FEHU | F | CATTLE | Riches; moveable wealth; vital energy; fire; the gods Frey and Freya; abundance through effort; inheritance of self and self value; material gain; earned income; success and happiness | 
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      URUZ | U | WILD OX | Brute strength; independence; raw power; shaping force; health and healing; home love on all sides; changes; a forceful masculine archetype | 
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      THURISAZ | TH | GIANT | The seeing of the future; directed force; aggression; defence; protection; the god Thor | 
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      ANSUZ | A | GOD | Higher consciousness; inspiration; wisdom; a message from within; chance encounter; the god Odin | 
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      RAIDHO | R | JOURNEY | Travel; journey of life; communication; rhythm; justice and right | 
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      KENAZ | K | TORCH | Creativity; craft; intellect; energy harnessed towards a goal | 
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      GEBO | G | GIFT | Exchange; balance; bonds of friendship and obligation; sexual union; unity with self and all others; harmony in relationships | 
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      WUNJO | W or V | JOY | Happiness; exstasy; harmony; friendship; will; confidence; bliss and glory | 
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      HAGALAZ | G | HAIL | Change; destruction leading to new creation, as with the destructive forces of nature | 
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      NAUDHIZ | N | NEED | Resistance; opposition; danger; friction; strengthening of the will | 
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      ISA | I | ICE | Stillness; stability; calmness; stagnation; blockage; barrenness; cold | 
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      JERA | J or Y | YEAR | Cycle of seasons; patience; harvest the seeds you have sown; reward; gain; fruition | 
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      EIWAZ | EI | YEW TREE | Life and death; the axis of the universe; shamanic journeying | 
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      PERTHRO | P | DICE CUP | Gaming piece; fate or destiny; birth; hidden things; mysteries; secrets | 
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      ELHAZ | Z | ELK | Protection; defence; sacred space; honour; connection with divine | 
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      SOWILO | S | SUN | Light; advancement; growth; evolution; victory; attainment of goals | 
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      TIWAZ | T | THE GOD TYR | Victory; justice; truth; sacrifice for the greater good; motivation; success | 
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      BERKANO | B | BIRCH TREE GODDESS | Growth; renewal; transformation; goddesses; female sexuality | 
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      EHWAZ | E | SACRED HORSE | Journeying; faithfulness; emotions; partnerships; trust | 
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      MANNAZ | M | MAN | Human life; self-knowledge; rational mind; human condition | 
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      LAGUZ | L | LAKE | Water; organic life; birth and death; the unconscious mind; concealment; a time of cleansing | 
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      INGUNAZ | NG | THE GOD FREYR-ING | Fertility; health; peace; latent power; male sexuality | 
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      DAGAZ | D | DAY | Paradox and resolution; enlightenment; safety; clarity; revelation | 
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      OTHALA | O | INHERITED LAND | Property; boundaries; heritage; inborn abilities |